The 2G welding position, or horizontal position, involves welding on the top side of a joint that is horizontal. It’s ideal for pipe welding as it allows for an even distribution of weld metal. This position requires skill and practice to master.
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What is 2G Welding Position
When I first started welding, the different types of positions were one of the most challenging things to learn and understand. Among the basic welding positions, the 2G welding position is one that every welder must become familiar with.
The term “2G” refers to the ‘horizontal welding position’. This position is used for welding a plate or a pipe that is positioned horizontally, and the weld is made on the top side, which remains horizontal. The “G” in 2G stands for ‘groove’, which means you’re performing a groove weld instead of a fillet weld, which would be indicated by an “F” in the term, like in 2F.
When we talk about welding positions, it’s important to understand the ‘weld axis’. In a 2G welding position, the weld axis is essentially horizontal, but the face of the weld is vertical.
Where Do You Use 2G Welding
The 2G welding position is predominantly used in pipe welding. In my early welding days, I spent a considerable amount of time mastering this position for pipe welding, as it allowed for an even distribution of weld metal.
It’s also used for structural components where it’s more convenient to rotate the welder rather than the work piece, such as in shipbuilding or construction of large structures. In these scenarios, having expertise in 2G position welding is a huge advantage.
Characteristics Of The 2G Welding Position
The defining characteristic of the 2G welding position is the way the joint to be welded is positioned. In this position, the plate or pipe is placed horizontally, but the weld joint is vertical.
Unlike the flat position (1G or 1F), the 2G welding position requires the welder to work against gravity to some extent, as you need to deposit the weld metal on the joint without it sagging or dropping. This aspect definitely brought a new challenge to my welding journey.
Additionally, you need to move your welding rod or torch from one side to the other, making a weave pattern across the joint to ensure even distribution of weld metal. This needs both patience and practice to get right.
What is the Qualification Range for 2G
The qualification range for 2G welding position includes fillet welding in the horizontal (2F), vertical (3F), and overhead (4F) positions. Also, it qualifies for flat groove welds (1G), but it does not qualify for vertical (3G) and overhead (4G) groove welds.
What this means is that, if you pass a 2G welding position test, you are certified to weld in a variety of positions. This can be quite beneficial in increasing your versatility as a welder.
Pros
One of the benefits I’ve discovered with the 2G welding position is that it’s very versatile. It can be used in several different situations, making it an essential skill for welders.
Another advantage is that it allows for a more even distribution of weld metal, which can contribute to a stronger and more secure weld.
Cons
On the flip side, the 2G welding position can be more difficult to master compared to a flat welding position. This is because it requires more dexterity and control to prevent the weld metal from sagging due to gravity.
2G vs 2F Welding Positions
Although the 2G and 2F welding positions might sound similar, they’re fundamentally different. The 2G position is a groove weld where the weld is made on the top side of a joint that is horizontally positioned. On the other hand, the 2F is a fillet weld in the horizontal position where the weld is made on a joint between two surfaces at approximately right angles to each other.
In my experience, 2G welding can be more challenging than 2F due to the need to maintain the shape and quality of the groove weld against gravity, while ensuring the even distribution of weld metal.
Conclusion
When I first started out in my welding career, mastering different positions like the 2G welding position was intimidating, but also an incredibly rewarding journey. The 2G welding position, with its versatility and wide qualification range, is undoubtedly an essential skill that all welders should aim to master. Though it may pose some challenges, with patience and practice, it can be mastered.
